Console 測試

簡介
成功 / 失敗預期
輸入 / 輸出預期
Console 事件

簡介

除了簡化 HTTP 測試外，Laravel 還提供了一個簡單的 API 來測試應用程式的自訂命令列指令。

成功 / 失敗預期

首先，讓我們探索如何對 Artisan 命令的退出代碼進行斷言。為了完成此操作，我們將使用 artisan 方法從我們的測試中調用 Artisan 命令。然後，我們將使用 assertExitCode 方法來斷言命令以給定的退出代碼完成

1test('console command', function () {
2    $this->artisan('inspire')->assertExitCode(0);
3});

test('console command', function () {
    $this->artisan('inspire')->assertExitCode(0);
});

1/**
2 * Test a console command.
3 */
4public function test_console_command(): void
5{
6    $this->artisan('inspire')->assertExitCode(0);
7}

/**
 * Test a console command.
 */
public function test_console_command(): void
{
    $this->artisan('inspire')->assertExitCode(0);
}

您可以使用 assertNotExitCode 方法來斷言命令沒有以給定的退出代碼退出

1$this->artisan('inspire')->assertNotExitCode(1);

$this->artisan('inspire')->assertNotExitCode(1);

當然，所有終端命令通常在成功時以狀態碼 0 退出，而在不成功時以非零退出代碼退出。因此，為了方便起見，您可以利用 assertSuccessful 和 assertFailed 斷言來斷言給定的命令是否以成功的退出代碼退出

1$this->artisan('inspire')->assertSuccessful();
2 
3$this->artisan('inspire')->assertFailed();

$this->artisan('inspire')->assertSuccessful();

$this->artisan('inspire')->assertFailed();

輸入 / 輸出預期

Laravel 允許您使用 expectsQuestion 方法輕鬆「模擬」使用者對控制台命令的輸入。此外，您可以使用 assertExitCode 和 expectsOutput 方法指定您期望控制台命令輸出的退出代碼和文本。例如，考慮以下控制台命令

 1Artisan::command('question', function () {
 2    $name = $this->ask('What is your name?');
 3 
 4    $language = $this->choice('Which language do you prefer?', [
 5        'PHP',
 6        'Ruby',
 7        'Python',
 8    ]);
 9 
10    $this->line('Your name is '.$name.' and you prefer '.$language.'.');
11});

Artisan::command('question', function () {
    $name = $this->ask('What is your name?');

    $language = $this->choice('Which language do you prefer?', [
        'PHP',
        'Ruby',
        'Python',
    ]);

    $this->line('Your name is '.$name.' and you prefer '.$language.'.');
});

您可以使用以下測試來測試此命令

1test('console command', function () {
2    $this->artisan('question')
3        ->expectsQuestion('What is your name?', 'Taylor Otwell')
4        ->expectsQuestion('Which language do you prefer?', 'PHP')
5        ->expectsOutput('Your name is Taylor Otwell and you prefer PHP.')
6        ->doesntExpectOutput('Your name is Taylor Otwell and you prefer Ruby.')
7        ->assertExitCode(0);
8});

test('console command', function () {
    $this->artisan('question')
        ->expectsQuestion('What is your name?', 'Taylor Otwell')
        ->expectsQuestion('Which language do you prefer?', 'PHP')
        ->expectsOutput('Your name is Taylor Otwell and you prefer PHP.')
        ->doesntExpectOutput('Your name is Taylor Otwell and you prefer Ruby.')
        ->assertExitCode(0);
});

 1/**
 2 * Test a console command.
 3 */
 4public function test_console_command(): void
 5{
 6    $this->artisan('question')
 7        ->expectsQuestion('What is your name?', 'Taylor Otwell')
 8        ->expectsQuestion('Which language do you prefer?', 'PHP')
 9        ->expectsOutput('Your name is Taylor Otwell and you prefer PHP.')
10        ->doesntExpectOutput('Your name is Taylor Otwell and you prefer Ruby.')
11        ->assertExitCode(0);
12}

/**
 * Test a console command.
 */
public function test_console_command(): void
{
    $this->artisan('question')
        ->expectsQuestion('What is your name?', 'Taylor Otwell')
        ->expectsQuestion('Which language do you prefer?', 'PHP')
        ->expectsOutput('Your name is Taylor Otwell and you prefer PHP.')
        ->doesntExpectOutput('Your name is Taylor Otwell and you prefer Ruby.')
        ->assertExitCode(0);
}

如果您正在使用 Laravel Prompts 提供的 search 或 multisearch 函數，則可以使用 expectsSearch 斷言來模擬使用者的輸入、搜尋結果和選擇

1test('console command', function () {
2    $this->artisan('example')
3        ->expectsSearch('What is your name?', search: 'Tay', answers: [
4            'Taylor Otwell',
5            'Taylor Swift',
6            'Darian Taylor'
7        ], answer: 'Taylor Otwell')
8        ->assertExitCode(0);
9});

test('console command', function () {
    $this->artisan('example')
        ->expectsSearch('What is your name?', search: 'Tay', answers: [
            'Taylor Otwell',
            'Taylor Swift',
            'Darian Taylor'
        ], answer: 'Taylor Otwell')
        ->assertExitCode(0);
});

 1/**
 2 * Test a console command.
 3 */
 4public function test_console_command(): void
 5{
 6    $this->artisan('example')
 7        ->expectsSearch('What is your name?', search: 'Tay', answers: [
 8            'Taylor Otwell',
 9            'Taylor Swift',
10            'Darian Taylor'
11        ], answer: 'Taylor Otwell')
12        ->assertExitCode(0);
13}

/**
 * Test a console command.
 */
public function test_console_command(): void
{
    $this->artisan('example')
        ->expectsSearch('What is your name?', search: 'Tay', answers: [
            'Taylor Otwell',
            'Taylor Swift',
            'Darian Taylor'
        ], answer: 'Taylor Otwell')
        ->assertExitCode(0);
}

您也可以使用 doesntExpectOutput 方法斷言控制台命令未產生任何輸出

1test('console command', function () {
2    $this->artisan('example')
3        ->doesntExpectOutput()
4        ->assertExitCode(0);
5});

test('console command', function () {
    $this->artisan('example')
        ->doesntExpectOutput()
        ->assertExitCode(0);
});

1/**
2 * Test a console command.
3 */
4public function test_console_command(): void
5{
6    $this->artisan('example')
7            ->doesntExpectOutput()
8            ->assertExitCode(0);
9}

/**
 * Test a console command.
 */
public function test_console_command(): void
{
    $this->artisan('example')
            ->doesntExpectOutput()
            ->assertExitCode(0);
}

expectsOutputToContain 和 doesntExpectOutputToContain 方法可用於針對輸出的一部分進行斷言

1test('console command', function () {
2    $this->artisan('example')
3        ->expectsOutputToContain('Taylor')
4        ->assertExitCode(0);
5});

test('console command', function () {
    $this->artisan('example')
        ->expectsOutputToContain('Taylor')
        ->assertExitCode(0);
});

1/**
2 * Test a console command.
3 */
4public function test_console_command(): void
5{
6    $this->artisan('example')
7            ->expectsOutputToContain('Taylor')
8            ->assertExitCode(0);
9}

/**
 * Test a console command.
 */
public function test_console_command(): void
{
    $this->artisan('example')
            ->expectsOutputToContain('Taylor')
            ->assertExitCode(0);
}

確認預期

當編寫需要以「是」或「否」答案形式進行確認的命令時，您可以使用 expectsConfirmation 方法

1$this->artisan('module:import')
2    ->expectsConfirmation('Do you really wish to run this command?', 'no')
3    ->assertExitCode(1);

$this->artisan('module:import')
    ->expectsConfirmation('Do you really wish to run this command?', 'no')
    ->assertExitCode(1);

表格預期

如果您的命令使用 Artisan 的 table 方法顯示資訊表格，則為整個表格編寫輸出預期可能會很麻煩。相反，您可以使用 expectsTable 方法。此方法接受表格的標頭作為其第一個參數，表格的資料作為其第二個參數

1$this->artisan('users:all')
2    ->expectsTable([
3        'ID',
4        'Email',
5    ], [
6        [1, '[email protected]'],
7        [2, '[email protected]'],
8    ]);

$this->artisan('users:all')
    ->expectsTable([
        'ID',
        'Email',
    ], [
        [1, '[email protected]'],
        [2, '[email protected]'],
    ]);

預設情況下，在執行應用程式的測試時，不會派發 Illuminate\Console\Events\CommandStarting 和 Illuminate\Console\Events\CommandFinished 事件。但是，您可以通過將 Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\WithConsoleEvents trait 添加到類別中，為給定的測試類別啟用這些事件

1<?php
2 
3use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\WithConsoleEvents;
4 
5uses(WithConsoleEvents::class);
6 
7// ...

<?php

use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\WithConsoleEvents;

uses(WithConsoleEvents::class);

// ...

 1<?php
 2 
 3namespace Tests\Feature;
 4 
 5use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\WithConsoleEvents;
 6use Tests\TestCase;
 7 
 8class ConsoleEventTest extends TestCase
 9{
10    use WithConsoleEvents;
11 
12    // ...
13}

<?php

namespace Tests\Feature;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\WithConsoleEvents;
use Tests\TestCase;

class ConsoleEventTest extends TestCase
{
    use WithConsoleEvents;

    // ...
}

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Console 測試

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成功 / 失敗預期

輸入 / 輸出預期

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表格預期

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