Laravel - 網頁工匠的 PHP 框架

建構與交付
透過專為提升生產力
而打造的工具來開發軟體

Laravel 為網路工匠提供完整的生態系統。我們的開源 PHP 框架、產品、套件和入門套件，為您提供建構、部署和監控網路應用程式所需的一切。

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生態系統

一個具有健全生態系統的 PHP 框架

Laravel 開箱即用，為所有現代網路應用程式所需的常見功能提供優雅的解決方案。我們的第一方套件為特定問題提供明確的解決方案，讓您無需重新發明輪子。

建構

Laravel PHP 框架

入門套件專為 Vue 而建構

Socialite 社群驗證

Echo 監聽 WebSocket 事件

Sail 本地 Docker 開發

部署

雲端全託管部署和託管

監控

Nightwatch 一流的監控與日誌

後端

不言自明的程式碼

簡單優雅的語法，驅動驚人的功能。每個功能都經過深思熟慮，旨在創造周到且具凝聚力的開發體驗。

驗證

1將驗證中介軟體新增至您的 Laravel 路由

                                                    1Route::get('/profile', ProfileController::class)
2   ->middleware('auth');

Route::get('/profile', ProfileController::class)
   ->middleware('auth');

2您可以透過 Auth facade 存取已驗證的使用者

                                                    1use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
2 
3$user = Auth::user();

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;

$user = Auth::user();

閱讀驗證文件

授權

1為您的模型定義政策

                                                    1public function update(User $user, Post $post): Response
2{
3    return $user->id === $post->user_id
4                ? Response::allow()
5                : Response::deny('You do not own this post.');
6}

public function update(User $user, Post $post): Response
{
    return $user->id === $post->user_id
                ? Response::allow()
                : Response::deny('You do not own this post.');
}

2透過 Gate facade 使用政策

                                                    1Gate::authorize('update', $post);

Gate::authorize('update', $post);

閱讀授權文件

Eloquent

1為您的資料庫表格定義模型

                                                     1<?php
 2 
 3namespace App\Models;
 4 
 5use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
 6 
 7class Flight extends Model
 8{
 9    // ...
10}

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Flight extends Model
{
    // ...
}

2使用 Eloquent 從資料庫擷取記錄

                                                    1use App\Models\Flight;
2 
3foreach (Flight::all() as $flight) {
4    echo $flight->name;
5}

use App\Models\Flight;

foreach (Flight::all() as $flight) {
    echo $flight->name;
}

閱讀 Eloquent 文件

遷移

1為您的資料庫表格建立遷移

                                                    1php artisan make:migration create_posts_table --create=posts

php artisan make:migration create_posts_table --create=posts

2在您的遷移檔案中定義結構描述

                                                     1class CreatePostsTable extends Migration
 2{
 3    public function up()
 4    {
 5        Schema::create('posts', function (Blueprint $table) {
 6            $table->id();
 7            $table->string('title');
 8            $table->text('content');
 9            $table->foreignId('user_id')->constrained()->onDelete('cascade');
10            $table->timestamps();
11        });
12    }
13}

class CreatePostsTable extends Migration
{
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('posts', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->string('title');
            $table->text('content');
            $table->foreignId('user_id')->constrained()->onDelete('cascade');
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }
}

閱讀遷移文件

驗證

1在您的控制器中定義驗證規則

                                                    1public function store(Request $request)
2{
3    $validated = $request->validate([
4        'title' => 'required|max:255',
5        'content' => 'required',
6        'email' => 'required|email',
7    ]);
8}

public function store(Request $request)
{
    $validated = $request->validate([
        'title' => 'required|max:255',
        'content' => 'required',
        'email' => 'required|email',
    ]);
}

2在您的視圖中處理驗證錯誤

                                                    1@if ($errors->any())
2    <div class="alert alert-danger">
3        <ul>
4            @foreach ($errors->all() as $error)
5                <li>{{ $error }}</li>
6            @endforeach
7        </ul>
8    </div>
9@endif

@if ($errors->any())
    <div class="alert alert-danger">
        <ul>
            @foreach ($errors->all() as $error)
                <li>{{ $error }}</li>
            @endforeach
        </ul>
    </div>
@endif

閱讀驗證文件

通知與郵件

1定義通知內容

                                                     1class PostCreated extends Notification
 2{
 3    public function via()
 4    {
 5        return ['mail', 'database']; // Send via mail and store in database
 6    }
 7 
 8    public function toMail($notifiable)
 9    {
10        return (new MailMessage)
11            ->subject('New Post Created')
12            ->line('A new post has been created: ' . $this->post->title)
13            ->action('View Post', url('/posts/' . $this->post->id))
14            ->line('Thank you for using our application!');
15    }
16}

class PostCreated extends Notification
{
    public function via()
    {
        return ['mail', 'database']; // Send via mail and store in database
    }

    public function toMail($notifiable)
    {
        return (new MailMessage)
            ->subject('New Post Created')
            ->line('A new post has been created: ' . $this->post->title)
            ->action('View Post', url('/posts/' . $this->post->id))
            ->line('Thank you for using our application!');
    }
}

2將通知傳送給使用者

                                                    1public function store(Request $request)
2{
3    $post = Post::create($request->all());
4 
5    $request->user()->notify(new PostCreated($post));
6}

public function store(Request $request)
{
    $post = Post::create($request->all());

    $request->user()->notify(new PostCreated($post));
}

閱讀通知與郵件文件

檔案儲存

1設定您的檔案系統

                                                    1FILESYSTEM_DRIVER=s3

FILESYSTEM_DRIVER=s3

2在您的控制器中處理檔案上傳

                                                    1public function store(Request $request)
2{
3    if ($request->hasFile('image')) {
4        $path = $request->file('image')->store('images', 'public');
5    }
6}

public function store(Request $request)
{
    if ($request->hasFile('image')) {
        $path = $request->file('image')->store('images', 'public');
    }
}

閱讀檔案儲存文件

工作佇列

1定義工作邏輯

                                                    1class ProcessPost implements ShouldQueue
2{
3    public function handle()
4    {
5        $this->post->update([
6            'rendered_content' => Str::markdown($this->post->content)
7        ]);
8    }
9}

class ProcessPost implements ShouldQueue
{
    public function handle()
    {
        $this->post->update([
            'rendered_content' => Str::markdown($this->post->content)
        ]);
    }
}

2從您的控制器分派工作

                                                    1public function store(Request $request)
2{
3    $post = Post::create($request->all());
4 
5    ProcessPost::dispatch($post);
6}

public function store(Request $request)
{
    $post = Post::create($request->all());

    ProcessPost::dispatch($post);
}

閱讀佇列文件

任務排程

1定義命令邏輯

                                                     1class SendEmails extends Command
 2{
 3    protected $signature = 'emails:send';
 4 
 5    protected $description = 'Send scheduled emails';
 6 
 7    public function handle()
 8    {
 9        // Send your emails...
10    }
11}

class SendEmails extends Command
{
    protected $signature = 'emails:send';

    protected $description = 'Send scheduled emails';

    public function handle()
    {
        // Send your emails...
    }
}

2排程任務

                                                    1Schedule::command('emails:send')->daily();

Schedule::command('emails:send')->daily();

閱讀任務排程文件

測試

1使用 Pest 撰寫您的測試

                                                     1it('can create a post', function () {
 2    $response = $this->post('/posts', [
 3        'title' => 'Test Post',
 4        'content' => 'This is a test post content.',
 5    ]);
 6 
 7    $response->assertStatus(302);
 8 
 9    $this->assertDatabaseHas('posts', [
10        'title' => 'Test Post',
11    ]);
12});

it('can create a post', function () {
    $response = $this->post('/posts', [
        'title' => 'Test Post',
        'content' => 'This is a test post content.',
    ]);

    $response->assertStatus(302);

    $this->assertDatabaseHas('posts', [
        'title' => 'Test Post',
    ]);
});

2在命令列上執行測試

                                                    1php artisan test

php artisan test

閱讀測試文件

事件與 WebSockets

1建立您的事件

                                                     1class PostCreated implements ShouldBroadcast
 2{
 3    use Dispatchable, SerializesModels;
 4 
 5    public $post;
 6 
 7    public function __construct(Post $post)
 8    {
 9        $this->post = $post;
10    }
11}

class PostCreated implements ShouldBroadcast
{
    use Dispatchable, SerializesModels;

    public $post;

    public function __construct(Post $post)
    {
        $this->post = $post;
    }
}

2在您的控制器中分派事件

                                                    1public function store(Request $request)
2{
3    $post = Post::create($request->all());
4 
5    PostCreated::dispatch($post);
6}

public function store(Request $request)
{
    $post = Post::create($request->all());

    PostCreated::dispatch($post);
}

3在您的 JavaScript 檔案中，監聽事件

                                                    1Echo.channel("posts." + postId).listen("PostCreated", (e) => {
2    console.log("Post created:", e.post);
3});

Echo.channel("posts." + postId).listen("PostCreated", (e) => {
    console.log("Post created:", e.post);
});

閱讀事件文件

前端

適用於任何堆疊的前端

無論您偏好傳統的 PHP 後端、使用 Laravel Livewire 的現代前端，或對 React 和 Vue 百用不厭，Laravel 都能讓您在極短的時間內交付高度精美且可維護的應用程式。

                                                     1class UserController
 2{
 3    public function index()
 4    {
 5        $users = User::active()
 6            ->orderByName()
 7            ->get(['id', 'name', 'email']);
 8 
 9        return Inertia::render('Users', [
10            'users' => $users,
11        ]);
12    }
13}

class UserController
{
    public function index()
    {
        $users = User::active()
            ->orderByName()
            ->get(['id', 'name', 'email']);

        return Inertia::render('Users', [
            'users' => $users,
        ]);
    }
}

                                                     1export default ({ users }) => {
 2    return (
 3        <div>
 4            <h1>Users</h1>
 5            <ul>
 6                {users.map((user) => (
 7                    <li key={user.id}>{user.name}</li>
 8                ))}
 9            </ul>
10        </div>
11    );
12};

export default ({ users }) => {
    return (
        <div>
            <h1>Users</h1>
            <ul>
                {users.map((user) => (
                    <li key={user.id}>{user.name}</li>
                ))}
            </ul>
        </div>
    );
};

Inertia

現代巨石

Laravel Inertia 為您的 Laravel 體驗增強功能，並與 React、Vue 和 Svelte 無縫協作。Inertia 處理您後端和前端之間的路由和資料傳輸，無需建置 API 或維護兩組路由。

閱讀 Inertia 文件

                                                     1class Counter extends Component
 2{
 3    public $count = 1;
 4 
 5    public function increment()
 6    {
 7        $this->count++;
 8    }
 9 
10    public function decrement()
11    {
12        $this->count--;
13    }
14 
15    public function render()
16    {
17        return view('livewire.counter');
18    }
19}

class Counter extends Component
{
    public $count = 1;

    public function increment()
    {
        $this->count++;
    }

    public function decrement()
    {
        $this->count--;
    }

    public function render()
    {
        return view('livewire.counter');
    }
}

                                                    1<div>
2    <h1>{{ $count }}</h1>
3 
4    <button wire:click="increment">+</button>
5 
6    <button wire:click="decrement">-</button>
7</div>

<div>
    <h1>{{ $count }}</h1>

    <button wire:click="increment">+</button>

    <button wire:click="decrement">-</button>
</div>

Livewire

超強大的 Blade

Laravel Livewire 透過將動態、反應式介面直接帶入您的 Blade 範本，轉型您的 Laravel 應用程式。Livewire 無縫橋接伺服器端渲染和用戶端互動之間的差距，讓您無需離開 Laravel 的舒適環境，即可建立現代化、互動式元件。

閱讀 Livewire 文件

                                                    1Route::get('/api/user', function (Request $request) {
2    return $request->user();
3})->middleware('auth:sanctum');

Route::get('/api/user', function (Request $request) {
    return $request->user();
})->middleware('auth:sanctum');